> 本文介绍了如何用超声波传感器、伺服电机和 Arduino 以及 Processing IDE,开发了可视化雷达系统。
我用超声波传感器和伺服电机、Processing IDE开发了雷达的视觉体验。我选择了我的项目的大脑是 Arduino Uno。
#include<servo.h>
int trigPin=2;
int echoPin=3;
long duration;
int distance;
Servo servo;
void setup()
{
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
servo.attach(9);
}
void loop()
{
for(int i=15;i<=165;i++)
{
servo.write(i);
delay(100);
distance=calculateDistance();
Serial.print(i);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.print(".");
}
for(int i=165;i>15;i--)
{
servo.write(i);
delay(100);
distance=calculateDistance();
Serial.print(i);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.print(".");
}
}
int calculateDistance()
{
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
duration=pulseIn(echoPin,HIGH);
distance=duration*0.034/2;
return distance;
}
Processing 开发环境(PDE)使编写处理程序变得容易。程序在文本编辑器中写入,然后按下运行按钮启动。在 Processing 中,一个计算机程序被称为草图(sketch)。草图(sketch)存储在Sketchbook中,它是计算机上的一个文件夹。
草图(sketch)可以绘制二维和三维图形。默认渲染器用于绘制二维图形。 P3D 渲染器可以绘制三维图形,包括控制摄像机,灯光和材料。P2D 渲染器是用于快速绘制二维图形,但不太准确的渲染器。如果您的计算机具有兼容 OpenGL 的图形卡,则 P2D 和 P3D 渲染器都会加速。
Processing 功能通过库和工具进行扩展。库使草图(sketch)能够完成核心处理代码以外的任务。 Processing社区提供了数百个库,可以添加到您的草图(sketch)中,以播放声音,进行计算机视觉以及使用高级 3D 几何体等新功能。工具扩展了PDE,通过为选择颜色等任务提供接口,使绘制草图(sketch)变得更容易。
Processing 有不同的编程模式,以便能够在不同的平台上部署草图并以不同的方式进行编程。 Java模式是默认的。其他编程模式可以通过从PDE右上角的菜单中选择“添加模式...”来下载。
*
* Updated version. Fits any screen resolution!
* Just change the values in the size() function,
* with your screen resolution.
*
* by Dragon nekhil
* www.HowToMechatronics.com
*
* /
import processing.serial.*; // imports library for serial communication
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; // imports library for reading the data from the serial port
import java.io.IOException;
Serial myPort; // defines Object Serial
// defubes variables
String angle = "";
String distance = "";
String data = "";
String noObject;
float pixsDistance;
int iAngle, iDistance;
int index1 = 0;
int index2 = 0;
PFont orcFont;
void setup() {
size (1366, 768); // ***CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SCREEN RESOLUTION***
smooth();
myPort = new Serial(this, "COM7", 9600); // starts the serial communication
myPort.bufferUntil('.'); // reads the data from the serial port up to the character '.'. So actually it reads this: angle,distance.
orcFont = loadFont("OCRAExtended-30.vlw");
}
void draw() {
fill(98, 245, 31);
textFont(orcFont);
// simulating motion blur and slow fade of the moving line
noStroke();
fill(0, 4);
rect(0, 0, width, height - height * 0.065);
fill(98, 245, 31); // green color
// calls the functions for drawing the radar
drawRadar();
drawLine();
drawObject();
drawText();
}
void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { // starts reading data from the Serial Port
// reads the data from the Serial Port up to the character '.' and puts it into the String variable "data".
data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');
data = data.substring(0, data.length() - 1);
index1 = data.indexOf(","); // find the character ',' and puts it into the variable "index1"
angle = data.substring(0, index1); // read the data from position "0" to position of the variable index1 or thats the value of the angle the Arduino Board sent into the Serial Port
distance = data.substring(index1 + 1, data.length()); // read the data from position "index1" to the end of the data pr thats the value of the distance
// converts the String variables into Integer
iAngle = int(angle);
iDistance = int(distance);
}
void drawRadar() {
pushMatrix();
translate(width / 2, height - height * 0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
noFill();
strokeWeight(2);
stroke(98, 245, 31);
// draws the arc lines
arc(0, 0, (width - width * 0.0625), (width - width * 0.0625), PI, TWO_PI);
arc(0, 0, (width - width * 0.27), (width - width * 0.27), PI, TWO_PI);
arc(0, 0, (width - width * 0.479), (width - width * 0.479), PI, TWO_PI);
arc(0, 0, (width - width * 0.687), (width - width * 0.687), PI, TWO_PI);
// draws the angle lines
line(-width / 2, 0, width / 2, 0);
line(0, 0, (-width / 2)*cos(radians(30)), (-width / 2)*sin(radians(30)));
line(0, 0, (-width / 2)*cos(radians(60)), (-width / 2)*sin(radians(60)));
line(0, 0, (-width / 2)*cos(radians(90)), (-width / 2)*sin(radians(90)));
line(0, 0, (-width / 2)*cos(radians(120)), (-width / 2)*sin(radians(120)));
line(0, 0, (-width / 2)*cos(radians(150)), (-width / 2)*sin(radians(150)));
line((-width / 2)*cos(radians(30)), 0, width / 2, 0);
popMatrix();
}
void drawObject() {
pushMatrix();
translate(width / 2, height - height * 0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
strokeWeight(9);
stroke(255, 10, 10); // red color
pixsDistance = iDistance * ((height - height * 0.1666) * 0.025); // covers the distance from the sensor from cm to pixels
// limiting the range to 40 cms
if (iDistance < 40) {
// draws the object according to the angle and the distance
line(pixsDistance * cos(radians(iAngle)), -pixsDistance * sin(radians(iAngle)), (width - width * 0.505)*cos(radians(iAngle)), -(width - width * 0.505)*sin(radians(iAngle)));
}
popMatrix();
}
void drawLine() {
pushMatrix();
strokeWeight(9);
stroke(30, 250, 60);
translate(width / 2, height - height * 0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
line(0, 0, (height - height * 0.12)*cos(radians(iAngle)), -(height - height * 0.12)*sin(radians(iAngle))); // draws the line according to the angle
popMatrix();
}
void drawText() { // draws the texts on the screen
pushMatrix();
if (iDistance > 40) {
noObject = "Out of Range";
}
else {
noObject = "In Range";
}
fill(0, 0, 0);
noStroke();
rect(0, height - height * 0.0648, width, height);
fill(98, 245, 31);
textSize(25);
text("10cm", width - width * 0.3854, height - height * 0.0833);
text("20cm", width - width * 0.281, height - height * 0.0833);
text("30cm", width - width * 0.177, height - height * 0.0833);
text("40cm", width - width * 0.0729, height - height * 0.0833);
textSize(40);
text("Object: " + noObject, width - width * 0.875, height - height * 0.0277);
text("Angle: " + iAngle + " °", width - width * 0.48, height - height * 0.0277);
text("Distance: ", width - width * 0.26, height - height * 0.0277);
if (iDistance < 40) {
text(" " + iDistance + " cm", width - width * 0.225, height - height * 0.0277);
}
textSize(25);
fill(98, 245, 60);
translate((width - width * 0.4994) + width / 2 * cos(radians(30)), (height - height * 0.0907) - width / 2 * sin(radians(30)));
rotate(-radians(-60));
text("30°", 0, 0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width - width * 0.503) + width / 2 * cos(radians(60)), (height - height * 0.0888) - width / 2 * sin(radians(60)));
rotate(-radians(-30));
text("60°", 0, 0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width - width * 0.507) + width / 2 * cos(radians(90)), (height - height * 0.0833) - width / 2 * sin(radians(90)));
rotate(radians(0));
text("90°", 0, 0);
resetMatrix();
translate(width - width * 0.513 + width / 2 * cos(radians(120)), (height - height * 0.07129) - width / 2 * sin(radians(120)));
rotate(radians(-30));
text("120°", 0, 0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width - width * 0.5104) + width / 2 * cos(radians(150)), (height - height * 0.0574) - width / 2 * sin(radians(150)));
rotate(radians(-60));
text("150°", 0, 0);
popMatrix();
}
myPort = new Serial(this,"COM7", 9600); // starts the serial communication
size (1366, 768); // ***CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SCREEN RESOLUTION***
原文链接:https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/nekhil-ravi/arduino-based-radar-system-e865e6
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